Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) outlets are designed to protect people from electrical shocks and electrocution by quickly shutting off power to an electrical circuit if it detects a ground fault or a leakage of current. GFCI outlets are required in areas of a home or building where there is an increased risk of electrical shock, such as bathrooms, kitchens, garages, and outdoors.In the United States, the National Electric Code (NEC) outlines the specific locations where GFCI outlets are required. According to the NEC, GFCI protection is required for all 125-volt, single-phase, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles located in bathrooms, garages, and outdoors. Kitchens are also required to have GFCI protection, but this can be achieved by installing GFCI circuit breakers instead of individual GFCI outlets.GFCI outlets are also required in other locations where water may be present, such as laundry rooms, laundry sinks, and near swimming pools. Any location within 6 feet of a bathtub or shower, or within 6 1/2 feet of a pool, hot tub, or spa also requires GFCI protection.It is important to note that GFCI outlets should be tested regularly to ensure that they are working properly. This can be done by pressing the 'test' button on the outlet, which should cause the 'reset' button to pop out. The outlet should be reset by pressing the 'reset' button.In addition to GFCI outlets, other safety measures should also be taken to prevent electrical shocks and electrocution, such as properly maintaining electrical systems and appliances, and avoiding the use of electrical devices near water.In conclusion, Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) outlets are designed to protect people from electrical shocks and electrocution by quickly shutting off power to an electrical circuit if it detects a ground fault or a leakage of current. GFCI outlets are required in areas of a home or building where there is an increased risk of electrical shock, such as bathrooms, kitchens, garages, and outdoors. The National Electric Code (NEC) outlines the specific locations where GFCI outlets are required and it is important to test them regularly to ensure that they are working properly.